Breastfeeding 101: A guide for new mothers

Breastfeeding is a journey that comes with many twists and turns! Here, we discuss getting started and the common issues you may face.

For many new mothers, breastfeeding can feel both exciting and overwhelming. It’s often described as one of the most natural things in the world, yet it can also come with questions, uncertainties and challenges. Whether you’re preparing to breastfeed for the first time or looking for ways to make it easier, understanding the basics can give you confidence and set you up for success.

Why breastfeeding matters

Breastfeeding is not only a way to nourish your baby but also a powerful way to bond with them. Breast milk provides the perfect blend of nutrients tailored to support your little one’s growth and development. It contains antibodies that help protect them against infections, reduce the risk of allergies and even promote better digestion.

For mothers, breastfeeding offers its own set of benefits. It helps your uterus contract back to its pre-pregnancy size, it burns extra calories and it lowers the risk of certain cancers, such as breast and ovarian cancer. The skin-to-skin contact during breastfeeding also releases oxytocin, the ‘love’ hormone, a wonderful chemical that helps your sense of bonding and reduces stress.

Getting started 

The first few days after birth are paramount for establishing a breastfeeding supply. It’s a challenge as it’s totally new to every first-time mother! Many hospitals encourage lots of lovely skin-to-skin contact right after delivery to help trigger your baby’s natural instincts to latch onto the breast.

The right position

Comfort is key when breastfeeding, so experiment with different positions until you find what works for you and your baby. The cradle hold, football hold and side-lying position are popular options, but you’ll find what works best for you. Don’t be afraid to use pillows for support if needed.

A good latch

A proper latch is essential to avoid pain and to be sure your baby is feeding properly. Try to check that your baby’s mouth covers both the nipple and part of the areola. If breastfeeding feels painful, gently break the suction with your finger and try again.

Feeding on demand

Newborns typically feed every two or three hours, but every baby is different. Watch for hunger cues, such as rooting, sucking on hands, or smacking lips – these will help you know when to try to feed. It’s best to let your bundle of joy nurse until they’re full, which may vary from session to session.

Overcoming common challenges

Breastfeeding is no walk in the park and there are lots of pitfalls to work through! Here are the most usual difficulties and ways you can try and tackle them.

Sore nipples

It’s normal to experience some tenderness in the early days, but persistent pain could signal a poor latch. Applying lanolin cream or using hydrogel pads might soothe your soreness, but don’t hesitate to ask for help from a lactation consultant if the pain continues.

Low milk supply

Many mothers worry about producing enough milk. The best way to boost your supply is through frequent nursing or pumping. Aim to stay hydrated, eat a balanced diet and consider lactation-boosting foods, such as oats and flaxseed.

Engorgement

Full, swollen breasts can feel uncomfortable, especially during the first few weeks. To relieve engorgement, try warm compresses before feeding and cold compresses afterward. While this might seem too simple, it can actually be very effective! Hand-expressing or pumping a small amount of milk can also help soften the breast and make latching easier.

Blocked ducts and mastitis

Blocked milk ducts can lead to mastitis, a painful breast infection. To prevent this, make sure your baby is emptying the breast during feeds and try massaging any firm areas while nursing. If you develop symptoms like fever or redness, you should contact your healthcare provider immediately.

Returning to work

For mothers planning to return to work, continuing to breastfeed is absolutely possible with a little preparation. Good tools are essential! Investing in a high-quality breast pump can make expressing milk easier and more efficient.

For your own peace of mind, practice pumping ahead of time to build a supply in the freezer and get your little one accustomed to bottle-feeding with expressed milk. This will make the transition far smoother. It’s also wise to label and store your milk properly to avoid any confusion, and speak to your employer about setting up a clean, private space for pumping at work.

Growth spurts and cluster feeding

Babies often go through growth spurts where they feed more frequently for a few days. This increased demand can sometimes make mothers feel like their milk supply isn’t enough, but rest assured, your body is designed to adapt.

Cluster feeding, when babies nurse in short, frequent bursts, is also common, especially in the evenings. It’s little ones’ way of increasing milk production and seeking comfort. During these times, focus on staying hydrated and resting whenever possible.

Support systems matter

Breastfeeding is not something you have to tackle alone. Support from your partner, family and friends can make all the difference, as can connecting with lactation consultants, support groups or even online communities with other new mums.

If breastfeeding becomes too stressful or doesn’t work out as planned, it’s important to remind yourself that feeding your baby – whether through breast, bottle, or both – is what truly matters. The journey looks different for every family and flexibility is key. Caring for a newborn can feel all-consuming, but looking after yourself and giving yourself grace is just as important!

Breastfeeding is a deeply personal experience that comes with its highs and lows. By understanding the basics and preparing for the challenges, you can approach it with more confidence and ease. Remember, there’s no one-size-fits-all approach – what matters most is nurturing your baby with love, patience and care. You’ve got this mama!

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